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Sept. 12, 2002 - To whom it may concern

The only sensible and permanent answer to the water problems that are constantly facing San Antonio is using the Cedar Eater type machines to grind the water consuming junipers into a water trapping and water saving mulch.

Mr. Ben Hammond of Blanco, Texas is one of the few people that not only understands the water problems but, has the knowledge and the ability to manage the cedar eater machines that can solve the water problems for many Texas communities.

Sincerely,

Malcolm Beck

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MULCHING CEDAR
FOR WATER AND SOIL CONSERVATION

by Malcolm Beck

There are tremendous benefits that result from grinding whole (ashi juniper) cedar trees down to ground level with "seppi"/cedar eater type machines.

1. the cedar cannot re-sprout.

2. the chopped up branches are spread out to good mulching level.

3. the chopped up branches and stumps are low enough to the soil a passenger car can drive over the mulch and not hang up.

4. the shredded material is small enough to have a good mulching effect but not so small that it will quickly decay.

5. the ratio of fine to large particles are in balance to form a good mulch without creating a poor c/n ratio to cause nutrient tie up.

6. the soil mulching effects are as good or better than most other organic mulches.

7. the mulch adequately shades the soil, keeping the soil at an even temperature, cooler in the summer and warmer in the winter.

8. it brakes up large falling rain drops keeping them from beating soil loose and washing it away or packing it to a crust.

9. holds rain water in place keeping it from running away causing erosion and flooding.

10. the mulch slows evaporation keeping the soil surface moist for long periods allowing for grass seeds to sprout.

11. the moist shaded environment encourages earth worms and many other insects and microbe activity which mellows and enriches the the soil and forms mild organic acids that dissolve minerals from rocks that enriches the soil still more.

12. the greatly increased insect and microbe activity creates a soil crumb structure which allows oxygen and rain, even heavy rains, to more quickly penetrate into the soil.

13. rain water that is allowed to run off the soil causes erosion and destructive floods. flood water is lost forever, unless caught caught in lakes, but even in lakes much needed water is lost.

14. the annual evaporation rate in central texas is 55 inches per year. each year 55 inches of water evaporates from area lakes.

15. water that is held in the soil and protected by a mulch is safe from evaporation and flood loss.

16. rain water stored in the soil is protected from pollution.

17. rain water in the soil will never be lost. but will go in one of two directions.

18. the first direction is: when the soil is completely saturated beyond its holding capacity the water will continue on down and eventually drip into aquifers over a long period of time keeping them at a constant level instead of going up and down with each drought and flood. this will help springs maintain a constant flow that feeds clear water to rivers.

19. the second direction is: capillary action causes water to wick up, from deep, to plant roots as they need it for growth and survival.

20. the spacing and thickness of the mulch is excellent for seed germination and grass to sprout through.

21. any forage grass, native or planted, has protection from hoof or tire traffic with the mulch cover.

23. the mulch also protects forage grass from being pulled out or bitten off to short by animals.

24. the slow decay of the mulch adds it's stored nutrients to the soil for healthy plant growth.

25. with the cedar trees removed and turned into a soil protecting mulch the stocking rate of pasture land can be greatly increased. the ranchers would profit.

26. the "seppi" grinder, or similar machine, mounted in front of a large, powerful articulated loader is the most efficient and economical way of clearing cedar and other brush and placing it as a soil and water protecting mulch.

27. this machine used over the edwards aquifer recharge zone could very well make a big difference in water supply and the "panic" conditions we now experience during drought that normally occur in central texas.

28. well water pumpage could also be increased. the farmers would profit.

29. all of the above will better the economic conditions of the area. every one wins, city dwellers, industry, farmers, ranchers, the wildlife and the environment .

30. mulching is nature's way of building and protecting our top soil and conserving our fresh water.

31. nature has been mulching the surface of the earth to build and protect our top soil since the beginning.

32 nature has been mulching to trap and hold fresh water in the soil for man's use since the beginning.


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last updated:  February 9, 2004